Chapter 32
section 1
1. Nonaggression pact- an agreement in which nations promised not to attack one another.
blitzkrieg- “lightning war” a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast moving airplanes are followed by massive attack with infantry forces.
charles de gaulle- A french general, set up a government-in-exile in london.
winston churchill- the new british prime minister who already declared that his nation would never give in.
battle of britain- a series of battles between german and british air forces, fought over britain (1940-1941)
erwin rommel- a general who sent a german tank force. the afrika korps, command by hitler.
atlantic charter- a declaration of principles issued in august 1941 by british prime minister winston churchill and us president roosevelt.
2.
Cause
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Effect
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first blitzkrieg
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it had a devastating effect in WWII and resulted in the french and british armies being pushed back in just a few weeks.
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allies stranded at dunkirk
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civilians came to rescue the allies stranded at Dunkirk.
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Lend- Lease Act
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they tried to kill them for trying to help the US.
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3. The phoney war was marked by a lack of major military operation in continental europe, which earned it its name.
4. Egypt is home to the suez canal, the direct sea connection between europe and asia which made it important in wwii.
5. in pressing for help to the allies, roosevelt was running ahead in public opinion.
Section 2
1. isoroku yamamoto- japanese greatest naval strategist, also called for an attack on the us fleet in hawaii.
pearl harbour- a japanese attack in which japan had sunk and damaged 19 ships.
battle of midway- this battle turned the tide of war in the pacific.
douglas macarthur- the commander of the allied land forces in the pacific, developed a plan to handle this problem.
battle of Guadalcanal- a six month battle that ended in february 1943.
2.
Event
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Effect
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battle of midway
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the japanese suffered a devastating defeat.
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battle of the coral sea
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the want to build stronger, faster and more powerful aircraft carriers.
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battle of Guadalcanal
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many U.S soldiers died
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3. the japanese implemented their biggest surprise attack on december 7th 1941, when they attacked the base at pearl harbor, Hawaii.
4. the battle of the coral sea was the first of the pacific wars six fights between opposing aircraft carrier forces.
5. this strategy involved amphibious landing on islands, therefore by passing japanese troops on the fortified islands.
Section 3
1. Aryans- (aryan) Indo-European: of or relating to the former Indo-European people; "Indo-European migrations"
- holocaust- The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941–45.
kristallnacht- The occasion of concerted violence by Nazis throughout Germany and Austria against Jews and their property on the night of November 9–10, 1938.
ghettos- formerly the restricted quarter of many European cities in which Jews were required to live;
final solution- The Nazi policy of exterminating European Jews. Introduced by Heinrich Himmler and administered by Adolf Eichmann, the policy resulted in the murder of 6 million Jews in concentration camps between 1941 and 1945.
genocide- The deliberate killing of a large group of people, esp. those of a particular ethnic group or nation.
2.
3. the new racial order was that the aryan race was superior to all other races and nationalities as they were viewed as subhuman.
4. the final stage of the final solution consisted of gassing, shootings, killing two thirds of european jews.
5. the allies bombed around concentration camps forcing axis troops out and freeing the imprisoned jewish people.
Section 4
1. Dwight D. eisenhower- Eisenhower: United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany; 34th President of the United States (1890-1961)
battle of stalingrad- The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle of World War II in which Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in southwestern Russia.
d-day- The day (June 6, 1944) in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy.
battle of the bulge- Battle of the Ardennes Bulge: a battle during World War II; in December 1944 von Rundstedt launched a powerful counter offensive in the forest at Ardennes and caught the Allies by surprise.
kamikaze- Japanese pilots who flew suicidal attacks against Allied ships
2.
Battle
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Outcome
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Battle of el alamein
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the allies defeated the axis powers.
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battle of stalingrad
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the luftwaffe lost about 488 aircraft and 1,000 airmen during the stalingrad conflict.
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D-Day invasion
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approximately 10,000 soldiers died, the liberation of france.
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3. it was hitler would be faced with a two front war, and be faced with a two- front war, and be forced to take military units out of russia.
4. in the months leading up to the D- day invasion, the allies conducted deception operations that were designed to deceive the germans.
5. the atom bombs on japanese cities of Hiroshima and nagasaki forced japan to surrender.
Section 5.
1. Nuremberg trials- The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the main victorious Allied forces of World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of the defeated Nazi Germany.
Demilitarization- Demilitarisation or demilitarization is the reduction of a nation's army, weapons, or military vehicles to an agreed minimum.
Democratization- the action of making something democratic.
2.
3. some were running from the russians others were looking for food or work, their villages had been destroyed after the war.
4. they dealt with them like other crimes. for example for top officials were indicted for war crimes by the ICT.
5. disarmament, Democratization, educational reform away from the european system to one more like the U.S.
